URL

URL URL (Uniform Resource Locator) - the same address you see in the address bar of your browser. Like here, for example: https://www.ispmanager.com/wiki/url/.

We're all familiar with URLs: They make the Internet what we're used to seeing, and by IT standards, they have a long history. 

The URL recording system was developed by Timothy John Berners-Lee in the 1990s and is still in use today. 

URL address structure

The mandatory components of a URL are scheme, host, and port. Sometimes they can be omitted, in which case their default values are used.

1. Scheme — indicates the protocol over which the connection will be made. The most common protocol today is HTTPS or its "parent" HTTP.
2. Host —  a domain name (for example, ispmanager.com). The IP address can be used instead of the domain name.
3. Port — is the number on the host assigned to a particular process. This information tells the host which program to use to handle incoming requests. For example, HTTPS connections typically use port 443.

Optional components - a relative path, an anchor, parameters, UTM tags. 

1. The relative path —  is the address of a particular page on the host. This page's relative path is /wiki/url/.
2. An anchor — is a reference to a location on the page. It consists of a grid symbol # and the id of the page element to be referenced.
3. Parameters — a component added to the URL when accessing an open database. For example, a visitor selects mushrooms on the site, and values are replaced in the parameters: ?search=mushrooms&fbrand=1&ftype=boletus.
4. UTM tag — is a parameter that determines which link a visitor followed to a page. UTM is used by marketers to understand how a promotion worked.